EU or Euro Area Crisis? Studying Differentiated Integration as an Idea Structuring Elite Perceptions of the Sovereign Debt and the COVID-19 crisis

After the sovereign debt crisis, scholars concluded that euro area member states (EAMS) and non-EAMS embarked on diverging paths of integration. Yet, their united response countering the economic consequences of the COVID-19 crisis contradicts the path-dependency argument. This article takes an ideational approach. It demonstrates that the different crisis outcomes regarding differentiated integration (DI) in Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) coincide with variations of how DI influenced elite crisis perceptions as an idea. While policymakers perceived the sovereign debt crisis as a currency area crisis with threats and spillovers applying to EAMS, they interpreted the COVID-19 crisis as a health emergency threatening all EU member states. These differences in elite crisis perceptions facilitated different outcomes regarding DI despite unchanged economic and fiscal circumstances among EAMS and non-EAMS. The findings challenge deterministic assumptions on the self-reinforcing nature of DI in EMU and establish DI as an idea structuring elite perceptions. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of European Integration is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

My pandemic pregnancy: A self-reflection via the words of others

This chapter reflects upon being pregnant, and giving birth, during the Covid-19 pandemic, via engagement with existential-phenomenological ideas and concepts. It focuses on uncertainty and anxiety, a changing sense of self, and warped temporality - are as much about the general experience of being-in-the-world, as they are about the specific conditions which prompted them: pregnancy and the Covid-19 outbreak. But the multiple layers of apprehension, caused by proliferating pandemic appendages (on top of the worries already associated with being pregnant after miscarriage), caused excessive levels of anxiety. As a pregnant person, rather than prompting entirely new fears and feelings, the coronavirus outbreak served to intensify the recognition of the mortality and the revitalising nature of procreation that is often felt when one discovers they are gestating a new life. Pregnancy, like any other bodily occurrence, is always a 'lived' experience, undergone and understood in a unique way by a specific human being (or animal). Despite the conversation about not bringing a baby into a virus-ridden world, in the first few hours after the positive pregnancy test, the pandemic was not at the forefront of the partner's or the mind. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

[Social participation in nursing homes with Covid-19 protection measures in the second pandemic wave? Linkage of prescriptions and survey]. / Soziale Teilhabe in Pflegeheimen mit Covid-19-Schutzmaßnahmen in der zweiten Pandemiewelle?

Social participation in nursing homes with Covid-19 protection measures in the second pandemic wave? Linkage of prescriptions and survey Abstract. Background: The implementation of protective measures in nursing homes during the Covid-19 pandemic was accompanied with the loss of social participation opportunities in the first Covid-19 wave; this has been inadequately studied for the second Covid wave. Aim: To evaluate the association of protective measures and social participation restrictions for the second Covid-19 wave to develop recommendations for action. Methods: Mixed-methods online surve y of nursing home managers (n = 873) in the second wave. Binary logistic generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the likelihood of the elimination of social participation services in nursing homes as a function of legal protections. Open-ended responses about maintaining social participation were content analyzed (n = 1042). Results: More than one in two nursing home managers reported prohibited group events (66,6%), and more than one in three prohibited creative activities (42,3%). Visitation restrictions (85,2%) were common in the second wave. The loss of participation services and the protective measures were significantly associated. Qualitative data showed that, for example, the acquisition of mobile shopping stores were opportunities to counteract the social exclusion of the residents. Discussion: The association between the loss of social participation services with the implementation of protective measures was clearly pronounced. Nursing practitioners should focus on enabling social participation whilst guaranteeing protection against infection best possible.

Relaunching Coase's Paradox in the Age of Social Networks and Covid-19 Pandemic

Disinformation and misleading narratives have been the prominent aspects of polluting public debate during the last US presidential elections and the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper attempts to evaluate the problem of freedom of speech through the lens of Ronald Coase's paradox about the similarities between the << market for goods >> and the << market for ideas >>. After discussing the suitability of the Coasian metaphor, according to which any form of interventionism on one of these spheres will produce outcomes on the other one, it states that this clearly emerges today insomuch online platforms, such as social networks, are becoming accountable for polluting (in terms of externalities) pieces of content shared by users.

Adaptive Behavior of Small Business Owners in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Small business survived hard times during 2020-2022. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in temporary decrease in consumer demand, revenue losses, and bankruptcies. The number of small companies in Russia has dropped dramatically as well as the number of workers engaged in small enterprises. This research aims to reveal major difficulties and institutional barriers small business owners faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus of the research is on patterns of economic behavior Russian entrepreneurs demonstrated adjusting their business processes to the new economic environment. This work is a qualitative research initiative based on a series of in-depth semi-structured interviews with small business owners from the Rostov region, Russia. Interviewing and the following discourses analysis allowed us to understand the meaning and reasoning of small business owners' behavior. The theoretical framework of the research includes the concepts of institutional economics and the insights from behavioral economics. This "mixed" approach provided us with more opportunities for describing various patterns of economic behavior in the context of fundamental uncertainty. As the pace of institutional change associated with the spread of the virus was very rapid, there was no time for companies to adapt to the new rules. Business owners often resisted changes. The high level of uncertainty became the reason for expectant behavior among small business owners based on the `status-quo' strategy. Even the announcement of high fines did not stop business owners from violating the laws. Explicit opportunism went hand in hand with formal obedience. Despite this, according to official statistics, Russian small business demonstrated high resistance to various economic and social challenges during the pandemic period.

Impact of COVID-19 and innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain in the future

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to explore innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain in the future by focusing on investigating the impacts of COVID-19 on the fashion supply chain and review sustainable supply chain.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review (SLR) and a case study have been undertaken to explore the innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain developed after the COVID-19 outbreak. Having conducted a comprehensive literature search in electronic databases Google Scholar, Emerald Insight, ScienceDirect and ProQuest, 69 articles were selected and reviewed. A case of the Kering Group was used to explain the results.FindingsThis paper highlighted the basic concepts of a sustainable supply chain, reviewed the 10 principles of the United Nation Global Compact and their connections to promoting supply chain sustainability, as well as the three components of a sustainable supply chain: green supply chain, transparent supply chain and circular supply chain. Based on the results of a SLR and a real case of Kering Group, the paper identified 12 innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain: (1) biodegradable and natural materials, (2) textile recycling, (3) nearshoring, (4) artificial intelligence (AI), (5) robot, (6) 3D printing, (7) Internet of Things, (8) blockchain, (9) reverse resources;(10) bio-packaging, (11) augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) and (12) digital runway.Research limitations/implicationsThe epidemiological situations of the COVID-19 pandemic and the corresponding innovative ideas for a sustainable supply chain may change over time. While this paper provides a comprehensive literature review and case study, further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of current efforts in the development of a sustainable fashion supply chain through collecting both quantitative and qualitative data.Practical implicationsEmbracing the issues from the COVID-19 pandemic, the results of this study are further explained by the case of Kering Group in the fashion industry. The managerial implications of the results and discussion are the need to adopt innovative ideas for a more sustainable fashion supply chain in the future. The success of sustainable supply chains work by leveraging the best available technologies such as robot, 3D printing, AR and VR, setting consistent standards for sustainability such as Environmental Profit and Loss and Kering & Textile Exchange and communicating with all parties throughout the supply chain, such as blockchain and AI. Investment in developing technology and innovative ideas will be the key of future to supply chain sustainability. Nonetheless, the specific approach used by each organization must be tailored to its characteristics, goals and circumstances.Social implicationsBringing upon unprecedented challenges, the pandemic has shown both companies and consumers just how fragile our planet is. Thus, to protect our planet in the long run, we need to not only make businesses more sustainable but also live more eco-friendly lifestyles.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first work that conducts a systemic review of the relevant academic journal articles addressed to the managerial audience on sustainable (fashion) supply chain. In addition, this paper also adds some consideration to this gap by exploring the innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain in the future and using a case to illustrate how these ideas can be put in a real-life context. This paper discusses the impact of COVID-19 on different stages of the supply chain and gives innovative ideas that can be used in response to the changing epidemiological situations of the pandemic.

Hungarian SMEs' role and opinion about research, development and innovation projects

Innovation is one of the solutions and an important factor in our fast-paced and rapidly changing world. Only new solutions and innovative ideas can respond to the rapidly changing environment and its challenges. Dynamic change requires all economic actors to be flexible and open to innovation and novel solutions. The recent events of the coronavirus crisis, the previous economic growth constraints, have been solved through innovation. We look to ongoing research for solutions to the world's challenges. In many cases, these answers come from the areas and businesses most in need. In this paper, we want to assess the perception of RDI projects and the potential of different enterprises from a project, programme and portfolio management perspective. © 2022 IEEE.

Social justice and the judicial interpretation of international equal protection law

Social justice is turning into an international concern. This development is a response to the continuous rise of socioeconomic inequality – the gap between the rich and the poor –growing in several OECD member states since the 1970s. International human rights law (IHRL) presently only establishes a weak normative framework regarding social justice. This article argues that the full potential of this framework has still not been activated by international human rights adjudication. There are several reasons for this: a complex history of ideas suggesting little common understanding of the notion of social justice, the focus of international human rights adjudication on individual rather than constitutional justice, and the priority of liberty rights over equality rights. Yet, the domination of the liberal over the social in international human rights adjudication has started to change. The article shows how the social justice concern is beginning to be incorporated into IHRL by judicial interpretation of international equal protection and non-discrimination law (international equal protection law, IEPL). Integrating the social justice concern into IEPL is a legitimate yet transformative step as it increases judicial discretion at the international level. More than many other human rights, socioeconomic equality is highly context-specific and depends on a complex factual assessment of the local circumstances. This exacerbates the institutional legitimacy challenge levelled against international human rights courts. However, the article argues that the legitimacy challenge can be alleviated by focusing more on procedural rather than a substantive international review.

Greening recovery – Overcoming policy incoherence for sustainability transformations

Policy coherence is crucial in the 2030 Agenda's transformative ambitions and heralded as of paramount importance to ensure the successful implementation of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals and climate policy targets. Despite political efforts to achieve policy coherence, apparent trade-offs and goal conflicts have emerged – even in a proclaimed ‘front-runner' country like Sweden. This paper examines the role of ideas in proposing and legitimising policy options and achieving policy coherence in the light of the Swedish recovery debate in 2020 following the COVID-19 pandemic. Ideas of a green economic recovery put forward in the public debate are examined through thematic text and frame analysis. We show that ideas of a green transition, boosted by economic recovery spending, draw on a synergistic frame in combining social, environmental, and economic policy options, carrying a potential for coherency. However, the absence of a discussion on power, as in who stands to gain what under which circumstances, coupled with an inherent understanding of a temporal hierarchy of policy priorities does not only impact the ability to design coherent policies but may have considerable impacts on the prospects of achieving sustainability transformations. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Policy and Governance published by ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Big ideas in the geography curriculum: nature, awareness and need

Big ideas, sometimes referred to as key, core, fundamental or threshold concepts, are widely applicable concepts at the heart of disciplines that are or have been central and influential for their fields. Attention here is particularly directed to meta-concepts common to sister disciplines in the sciences. "Learning thresholds”, "powerful knowledge” and their meanings are singled out for discussion having become widely relevant to geography. Other empowering big ideas for geography are identified;collectively these can be close to the global concerns that new learners may have, giving them motivation for their learning. Developing global challenges, from coronavirus infections to climate change, are geographically varied in their reach and impacts. Student engagement can be enhanced as concepts are addressed and they embark on the methodological and factual knowledge and skills that give new value to HE learning. Fresh concepts can also be realized from students' individual projects or enquiries. In these ways big ideas can provide motivational stimuli for progressing enterprising research through such learning.

The Lexicon of Migrating Ideas in the Slavic Balkans and the Risk of Knowledge: Some Considerations Regarding Two Promotional Events for This Book

The text is an account of two events that promoted the extensive (ten-volume) monograph by Polish Slavic studies scholars (with contributions from scholars from a number of foreign research centres): Leksykon idei wędrownych na słowiańskich Bałkanach (XVIII – XXI w.) [The Lexicon of Migrating Ideas in the Slavic Balkans (18th-21st centuries)] (2018–2020). These events were held in 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, by means of social media and common communication platforms. As the Lexicon consists of many synthetically expressed, original, and source-based insights on the southern Slavic cultures' struggles with moder-nity, the author comments on both the research project at the root of this publication and on the course of the discussion which emerged during these meetings. She does so in order to express her view on the capacity of the modern researcher by adapting Olga Tokarczuk's notion of the tender narrator. © The Author(s) 2022.

Ideas and Policy Response to the COVID-19 Crisis: Evidence from Jakarta, Indonesia

Coronaviruses have emerged as a potential disruptive force in policymaking. Using a comparative case study method, we examine two social policy responses in Jakarta, Indonesia: the Social Safety Nets (SSN) programme and the health policy. Such examples demonstrate an aggressive change in policy direction from means-tested systems and government-centred approaches to a total relaxation of conditions with the involvement of non-state actors in the provision of services. Our study analyses the ideational dimensions of the policy process that produces abrupt and radical change. From our analysis, the policy change may be explained by the emergence of a new policy paradigm created through the emulation-contextual process - an alternative model of policy learning. The theoretical implication of our research is that policy response in this study cannot be viewed in a completely path-dependent process. Instead, we propose a 'path-creation accelerator,' which represents an infrequent instance of policy change.

Onsite/online: a case study approach pivots to virtual and back with new strategies learned

The course `Concepts in modern architecture' is a hybrid between a lecture on the history of modern architecture and an interactive studio. Unlike traditional history courses that discuss many buildings per class, this one delves into a small, highly curated list of projects per session, allowing the students to develop a deep understanding of the architectural concepts used. As such, students form a critical eye to analyse buildings, and work on creative assignments that enforce and communicate these intentions. The course uses the author's IDEA (interaction, define/draw/diagram, engage and assess) methodology as a case study approach. From this `learn by doing' perspective, students emerge with knowledge that speaks to historical references while utilising their creativity and design skills to assess the works studied. The shift to remote learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic forced this course to shift and evolve, as faculty educators in all disciplines had to rethink their teaching methods. Thus, the online and synchronous version of this course was reimagined in a different environment, using a combination of technological and pedagogical tools that resulted in a strong learning experience with new objectives that engaged the students. Following the adaptation of this course into the virtual sphere, and then back again to the physical classroom, the article reflects on and considers the lessons learned from the experience. There is now a strong virtual course that in the future can continue to reach a broader audience, while the in-person version, which meets regularly back in the studios, has incorporated new techniques that will continue long after the pandemic is over.

COVID-19 and the Global Political Economy: Same as it Never Was?

This introductory article outlines how Global Political Economy and the nuanced perspectives of scholars from this interdiscipline navigate claims about the origins and consequences of, as well as responses to, the COVID-19 pandemic. Emerging social scientific assessments have tended to understand the pandemic as either an entirely novel crisis (“everything has changed”) or one merely extending preexisting economic and political tensions (“nothing has changed”). Early analyses of political-economic aspects of the crisis assembled in this collection instead highlight both patterns of continuity and change—and the importance of situating changes within prepandemic continuities—that have emerged during the first year of the global pandemic. This introductory article brings together suggestions by and for Global Political Economy scholars, as well as social scientists more generally, for further researching key dynamics shaping the global political economy in the COVID-19 era as it keeps unfolding and evolving.

Eurobonds versus Coronabonds: Same Idea, New Context, Different Outcome?

Since the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the European Union has taken tentative steps toward the issuance of joint debt. This progress is significant but puzzling: the technical value of such instruments has never been in doubt;however, the political will to move forward has always been lacking. What changed? This short article argues that contemporary political economy research points us toward the role of ideas and identity in explaining this shift.

What Does Comparative Policy Analysis Have to Do with the Structure, Institution and Agency Debate?

A growing number of political and policy scientists have utilized institutional theory to explain how the purposeful actions of agents shape and are shaped by structural, institutional, and agential factors. Most current studies, however, have conflated and/or combined the fundamental concepts of structure, institution, and actor, overlooking how their interactions shape policy and institutional outcomes. Furthermore, such research lacks an approach that allows a more comprehensive means to integrate the various dimensions of such interactions. By studying these distinct but interdependent causal factors through an integrative approach, we provide a richer, more comprehensive understanding of contingent conditions, agency, and outcomes.

Impact of COVID-19 and innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain in the future

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to explore innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain in the future by focusing on investigating the impacts of COVID-19 on the fashion supply chain and review sustainable supply chain. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review (SLR) and a case study have been undertaken to explore the innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain developed after the COVID-19 outbreak. Having conducted a comprehensive literature search in electronic databases Google Scholar, Emerald Insight, ScienceDirect and ProQuest, 69 articles were selected and reviewed. A case of the Kering Group was used to explain the results. Findings This paper highlighted the basic concepts of a sustainable supply chain, reviewed the 10 principles of the United Nation Global Compact and their connections to promoting supply chain sustainability, as well as the three components of a sustainable supply chain: green supply chain, transparent supply chain and circular supply chain. Based on the results of a SLR and a real case of Kering Group, the paper identified 12 innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain: (1) biodegradable and natural materials, (2) textile recycling, (3) nearshoring, (4) artificial intelligence (AI), (5) robot, (6) 3D printing, (7) Internet of Things, (8) blockchain, (9) reverse resources;(10) bio-packaging, (11) augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) and (12) digital runway. Research limitations/implications The epidemiological situations of the COVID-19 pandemic and the corresponding innovative ideas for a sustainable supply chain may change over time. While this paper provides a comprehensive literature review and case study, further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of current efforts in the development of a sustainable fashion supply chain through collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. Practical implications Embracing the issues from the COVID-19 pandemic, the results of this study are further explained by the case of Kering Group in the fashion industry. The managerial implications of the results and discussion are the need to adopt innovative ideas for a more sustainable fashion supply chain in the future. The success of sustainable supply chains work by leveraging the best available technologies such as robot, 3D printing, AR and VR, setting consistent standards for sustainability such as Environmental Profit and Loss and Kering & Textile Exchange and communicating with all parties throughout the supply chain, such as blockchain and AI. Investment in developing technology and innovative ideas will be the key of future to supply chain sustainability. Nonetheless, the specific approach used by each organization must be tailored to its characteristics, goals and circumstances. Social implications Bringing upon unprecedented challenges, the pandemic has shown both companies and consumers just how fragile our planet is. Thus, to protect our planet in the long run, we need to not only make businesses more sustainable but also live more eco-friendly lifestyles. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first work that conducts a systemic review of the relevant academic journal articles addressed to the managerial audience on sustainable (fashion) supply chain. In addition, this paper also adds some consideration to this gap by exploring the innovative ideas for a sustainable fashion supply chain in the future and using a case to illustrate how these ideas can be put in a real-life context. This paper discusses the impact of COVID-19 on different stages of the supply chain and gives innovative ideas that can be used in response to the changing epidemiological situations of the pandemic.

A delicate balance: how physicians manage change towards collaborative care within their institutions

Purpose In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, in 2020-2022, the immutable and fragmented character of our healthcare system changed. Healthcare professionals and their institutional leads proved remarkably agile and managed to change toward collaborative care. The purpose of this paper is to examine experiences with collaborative practice in healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic in two regions in the Netherlands, to explore and understand the relationship between policy and practice and the potential development of new collaborative care routines. Design/methodology/approach Using a methodology informed by theories that have a focus on professional working practice (so called "activity theory") or the institutional decision-makers (discursive institutionalism), respectively, the perspective of physicians on the relationship between policy and practice was explored. Transcripts of meetings with physicians from different institutions and medical specialities about their collaborative COVID-19 care were qualitatively analysed. Findings The findings show how change during COVID-19 was primarily initiated from the bottom-up. Cultural-cognitive and normative forces in professional, collaborative working practice triggered the creation of new relationships and sharing of resources and capacity. The importance of top-down regulatory forces from institutional leads was less evident. Yet, both (bottom-up) professional legitimacy and (top-down) institutional support are mentioned as necessary by healthcare professionals to develop and sustain new collaborative routines. Practical implications The COVID-19 crisis provided opportunity to build better healthcare infrastructure by learning from the responses to this pandemic. Now is the time to find ways to integrate new ways of working initiated from the bottom-up with those longstanding ones initiated from top-down. Originality This paper presents a combination of theories for understanding collaboration in healthcare, which can inform future research into collaborative care initiatives.

Crowdsourced product returns in C2B e-commerce: a post-pandemic no-contact consumer incentive-based model

Purpose This study aims to investigate the conditions for the financial feasibility of an incentive-based model for self-drop or crowdsourced drop of the product to be returned at designated drop boxes (thereby ensuring a contactless process). Design/methodology/approach Constraint-based non-linear mathematical modeling was done for cost differential with and without crowdsourcing. This was analyzed against returns on investment for the installed infrastructure. Scenarios were looked into from the linear, iso-elastic and logarithmic demand functions to identify the optimal incentive policy. The results were further evaluated using "willingness to return" for customer willingness for product returns via drop boxes. Findings Crowdsourcing is viable when product returns are no more than 15%-20% of the overall products, with a logistics cost differential of 15%-25%. These were only viable when the product return incentive was within the range of 15%-20% of the product cost, as well as the penalty was in the range of 25 to 40% for wrong returns. Research limitations/implications The findings are expected to aid the organizations in successfully designing product return policies while adhering to the post-COVID-19 norms, including contactless transactions and social distancing. Originality/value The study provides a look into the viability sensitivity of effective gains/profitability against the required level of service for returns, wrong returns, penalties and incentives for crowdsourcing in a developing country like India.

Parliamentary Representation in Modern Britain: Past, Present, and Future

A series of recent books all attest to a revival of interest in the theory and practice of parliamentary representation in the modern era as a scholarly discipline. This review surveys eight different aspects of that history since the early nineteenth century: the spatial dimension of the Palace of Westminster;the comparative framework offered by the history of parliaments in Europe;ideas of parliamentary representation;the history of parliamentary procedure;women in parliament;the House of Lords;the history of corruption;and the Brexit crisis. Insights and perspectives are drawn from recent historical research as well as from political science and intellectual history. The review concludes by observing that the history of parliamentary representation in the modern era is in good shape. Some older interpretive paradigms still lurk, especially an obsession with ‘democratization’. However, more is now known about individual MPs and constituencies than ever before. The digitization of the records of parliament is expediting the kind of longitudinal analysis which was impossible back in the 1960s and 1970s. And the intellectual history and public policy literature around the idea of representation is enjoying a renaissance.